The oral doctoral examination of Ben Valen, candidate for the Ph.D. degree, will be held on Monday, August 17, at 11 a.m. via Zoom. Valen’s advisor is Professor Sara Burke. The dissertation examining committee will be composed of Professors Leonard Newman, and Sarah Woolf-King. Professor Emily Thorson will serve as chair of the defense. The title of the candidate's dissertation is: “The Effects of Bias Attribution, Target Identity, and Perceived Political Ideology on Blame, Punishment, and Negative Evaluation of Discriminators.